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01_setup.sh

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+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -Eeuo pipefail
+
+SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd -- "$(dirname -- "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
+cd "$SCRIPT_DIR"
+
+APP="raspi-backup"
+STATE_DIR="${XDG_STATE_HOME:-$HOME/.local/state}/${APP}"
+LOG_FILE="${STATE_DIR}/${APP}.log"
+
+mkdir -p "$STATE_DIR"
+
+log() {
+  echo "[$(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')] $*" | tee -a "$LOG_FILE" >/dev/null
+}
+
+write_config_if_missing() {
+  local cfg="$SCRIPT_DIR/config.sh"
+
+  if [[ -f "$cfg" ]]; then
+    log "config.sh existiert: $cfg"
+    return 0
+  fi
+
+  cat >"$cfg" <<'EOF'
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# zentrale Konfig (auto-generated) – bitte nur ändern wenn du willst.
+
+# NAS Fixwerte
+NAS_HOST="10.0.0.101"
+NAS_USER="mexx"
+NAS_PORT="222"
+
+# SSH / Alias
+KEY_TYPE="ed25519"
+ALIAS_PREFIX="nas"          # Alias wird: nas-<hostname>
+
+# lokaler User, dem der SSH-Key gehört (NICHT root)
+SSH_USER="admin"
+
+# ---------- NAS Pfade (deine Vorgaben) ----------
+# Zugriffskontrolle (Keys):
+NAS_AUTH_KEYS_FILE="/var/services/homes/mexx/raspberry/sshkeys/authorized_keys"
+
+# Backups (Daten):
+NAS_BACKUP_BASE="/volume1/homes/mexx/raspberry/backup"
+# Remote Ziel wird dann: ${NAS_BACKUP_BASE}/<hostname>/
+
+# Retention (Tage)
+KEEP_DAYS="21"
+
+# Excludes
+EXCLUDES=(
+  "/dev/*"
+  "/proc/*"
+  "/sys/*"
+  "/tmp/*"
+  "/run/*"
+  "/mnt/*"
+  "/media/*"
+  "/lost+found"
+  "/var/cache/apt/archives/*"
+)
+
+# Rsync Extras
+RSYNC_EXTRA=(
+  "--partial"
+  "--partial-dir=.rsync-partial"
+)
+EOF
+
+  chmod +x "$cfg" || true
+  log "config.sh erzeugt: $cfg"
+}
+
+write_config_if_missing
+log "Setup OK (ohne lib.sh)."
+echo "Setup OK."
+echo "Config: $SCRIPT_DIR/config.sh"
+echo "Log:    $LOG_FILE"

02_setup_ssh.sh

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+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -Eeuo pipefail
+
+SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd -- "$(dirname -- "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
+CFG="$SCRIPT_DIR/config.sh"
+[[ -f "$CFG" ]] || { echo "ERROR: config.sh fehlt: $CFG (erst 01_setup.sh ausführen)"; exit 1; }
+# shellcheck disable=SC1090
+source "$CFG"
+
+# --- helpers ---
+APP="raspi-backup"
+STATE_DIR="${XDG_STATE_HOME:-$HOME/.local/state}/${APP}"
+LOG_FILE="${STATE_DIR}/${APP}.log"
+mkdir -p "$STATE_DIR"
+
+log(){ echo "[$(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')] $*" | tee -a "$LOG_FILE" >/dev/null; }
+die(){ log "ERROR: $*"; echo "ERROR: $*" >&2; exit 1; }
+need_cmd(){ command -v "$1" >/dev/null 2>&1 || die "Fehlt: $1"; }
+need_root(){ [[ "${EUID:-$(id -u)}" -eq 0 ]] || die "Bitte mit sudo starten: sudo $SCRIPT_DIR/02_setup_ssh.sh"; }
+host_short(){ hostname -s 2>/dev/null || hostname 2>/dev/null || echo "raspi"; }
+nas_alias(){ echo "${ALIAS_PREFIX}-$(host_short)"; }
+
+need_root
+need_cmd ssh
+need_cmd ssh-keygen
+
+# validate config vars
+: "${NAS_HOST:?}" "${NAS_USER:?}" "${NAS_PORT:?}" "${KEY_TYPE:?}" "${ALIAS_PREFIX:?}" "${SSH_USER:?}" "${NAS_AUTH_KEYS_FILE:?}"
+
+hn="$(host_short)"
+alias="$(nas_alias)"
+ssh_user="$SSH_USER"
+
+user_home="$(eval echo "~${ssh_user}")"
+[[ -d "$user_home" ]] || die "Home für SSH_USER '$ssh_user' nicht gefunden."
+
+ssh_dir="${user_home}/.ssh"
+key="${ssh_dir}/id_${KEY_TYPE}_${hn}"
+pub="${key}.pub"
+cfg="${ssh_dir}/config"
+
+log "SSH Setup START: ssh_user=${ssh_user} alias=${alias} nas=${NAS_USER}@${NAS_HOST}:${NAS_PORT} key=${key}"
+log "NAS_AUTH_KEYS_FILE: ${NAS_AUTH_KEYS_FILE}"
+
+# .ssh anlegen
+sudo -u "$ssh_user" mkdir -p "$ssh_dir"
+sudo -u "$ssh_user" chmod 700 "$ssh_dir"
+sudo -u "$ssh_user" touch "$cfg"
+sudo -u "$ssh_user" chmod 600 "$cfg"
+
+# Key anlegen falls fehlt
+if [[ ! -f "$key" ]]; then
+  log "Erzeuge Key: $key"
+  sudo -u "$ssh_user" ssh-keygen -t "$KEY_TYPE" -a 64 -f "$key" -N "" -C "${ssh_user}@${hn}"
+else
+  log "Key existiert: $key"
+fi
+
+# Alias Block append-only
+if ! sudo -u "$ssh_user" grep -qE "^Host[[:space:]]+${alias}$" "$cfg"; then
+  log "Füge Alias Block hinzu: $alias"
+  sudo -u "$ssh_user" tee -a "$cfg" >/dev/null <<EOF
+Host ${alias}
+  HostName ${NAS_HOST}
+  User ${NAS_USER}
+  Port ${NAS_PORT}
+  IdentityFile ${key}
+  IdentitiesOnly yes
+  ServerAliveInterval 30
+  ServerAliveCountMax 3
+EOF
+else
+  log "Alias existiert schon: $alias"
+fi
+
+# Testconnect (accept-new nur beim Setup)
+log "SSH Verbindungstest (accept-new nur setup)..."
+sudo -u "$ssh_user" ssh -p "$NAS_PORT" -o StrictHostKeyChecking=accept-new -o ConnectTimeout=10 \
+  "${NAS_USER}@${NAS_HOST}" "echo ok" >/dev/null \
+  || die "SSH Verbindung fehlgeschlagen: ${NAS_HOST}:${NAS_PORT}"
+
+# Pubkey lesen
+[[ -f "$pub" ]] || die "Public key fehlt: $pub"
+pubkey="$(sudo -u "$ssh_user" cat "$pub")"
+
+# WICHTIG: Key in zentrale NAS-Datei schreiben (nicht ~/.ssh/authorized_keys)
+# - legt Verzeichnis an
+# - sorgt für Datei + Rechte
+# - fügt Key nur hinzu, wenn noch nicht vorhanden
+log "Installiere Public Key in zentrale Datei am NAS..."
+sudo -u "$ssh_user" ssh -p "$NAS_PORT" -o ConnectTimeout=10 \
+  "${NAS_USER}@${NAS_HOST}" \
+  "set -e;
+   f='${NAS_AUTH_KEYS_FILE}';
+   d=\$(dirname \"\$f\");
+   mkdir -p \"\$d\";
+   touch \"\$f\";
+   chmod 600 \"\$f\";
+   grep -qxF '$pubkey' \"\$f\" || echo '$pubkey' >> \"\$f\""
+
+log "SSH Setup OK."
+echo "SSH Setup OK."
+echo "Test:"
+echo "  sudo -u ${ssh_user} ssh ${alias} 'echo hello'"

03_verify.sh

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+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -Eeuo pipefail
+
+SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd -- "$(dirname -- "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
+CFG="$SCRIPT_DIR/config.sh"
+[[ -f "$CFG" ]] || { echo "ERROR: config.sh fehlt: $CFG (erst 01_setup.sh ausführen)"; exit 1; }
+# shellcheck disable=SC1090
+source "$CFG"
+
+# --- helpers ---
+APP="raspi-backup"
+STATE_DIR="${XDG_STATE_HOME:-$HOME/.local/state}/${APP}"
+LOG_FILE="${STATE_DIR}/${APP}.log"
+mkdir -p "$STATE_DIR"
+
+log(){ echo "[$(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')] $*" | tee -a "$LOG_FILE" >/dev/null; }
+die(){ log "ERROR: $*"; echo "ERROR: $*" >&2; exit 1; }
+need_cmd(){ command -v "$1" >/dev/null 2>&1 || die "Fehlt: $1"; }
+need_root(){ [[ "${EUID:-$(id -u)}" -eq 0 ]] || die "Bitte mit sudo starten: sudo $SCRIPT_DIR/03_verify.sh"; }
+host_short(){ hostname -s 2>/dev/null || hostname 2>/dev/null || echo "raspi"; }
+nas_alias(){ echo "${ALIAS_PREFIX}-$(host_short)"; }
+
+need_root
+need_cmd ssh
+need_cmd rsync
+
+# validate config vars
+: "${NAS_HOST:?}" "${NAS_USER:?}" "${NAS_PORT:?}" "${ALIAS_PREFIX:?}" "${SSH_USER:?}" "${NAS_BACKUP_BASE:?}"
+
+hn="$(host_short)"
+alias="$(nas_alias)"
+ssh_user="$SSH_USER"
+remote_root="${NAS_BACKUP_BASE%/}/${hn}"
+
+log "VERIFY START: alias=${alias} remote_root=${remote_root}"
+
+# optional Port check
+if command -v nc >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+  log "Check NAS Port: ${NAS_HOST}:${NAS_PORT}"
+  nc -vz "$NAS_HOST" "$NAS_PORT" >/dev/null 2>&1 || die "NAS Port nicht erreichbar: ${NAS_HOST}:${NAS_PORT}"
+else
+  log "nc nicht vorhanden – überspringe Port-Check"
+fi
+
+# SSH login via alias
+log "Check SSH Login: ${alias}"
+sudo -u "$ssh_user" ssh -o BatchMode=yes -o ConnectTimeout=10 "$alias" "echo ok" >/dev/null \
+  || die "SSH Login über Alias fehlgeschlagen: $alias"
+
+# Remote backup dir
+log "Check/Create Remote Backup Dir: ${remote_root}"
+sudo -u "$ssh_user" ssh -o BatchMode=yes "$alias" "mkdir -p '$remote_root' && test -d '$remote_root'" >/dev/null \
+  || die "Remote Backup Pfad nicht nutzbar: $remote_root"
+
+log "VERIFY OK"
+echo "Verify OK:"
+echo "- NAS erreichbar (${NAS_HOST}:${NAS_PORT})"
+echo "- SSH Alias funktioniert (${alias})"
+echo "- Remote Backup Pfad OK (${remote_root})"

04_run_backup.sh

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+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -Eeuo pipefail
+
+SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd -- "$(dirname -- "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
+CFG="$SCRIPT_DIR/config.sh"
+[[ -f "$CFG" ]] || { echo "ERROR: config.sh fehlt: $CFG (erst 01_setup.sh ausführen)"; exit 1; }
+# shellcheck disable=SC1090
+source "$CFG"
+
+# --- helpers ---
+LOG_FILE="$SCRIPT_DIR/raspi-backup.log"
+LOCK_FILE="$SCRIPT_DIR/.raspi-backup.lock"
+
+ts_now() { date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'; }
+log() { echo "[$(ts_now)] $*" | tee -a "$LOG_FILE" >/dev/null; }
+die() { log "ERROR: $*"; echo "ERROR: $*" >&2; exit 1; }
+need_cmd(){ command -v "$1" >/dev/null 2>&1 || die "Fehlt: $1"; }
+need_root(){ [[ "${EUID:-$(id -u)}" -eq 0 ]] || die "Bitte mit sudo starten: sudo $SCRIPT_DIR/04_run_backup.sh"; }
+host_short(){ hostname -s 2>/dev/null || hostname 2>/dev/null || echo "raspi"; }
+
+acquire_lock() {
+  if command -v flock >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+    exec 9>"$LOCK_FILE"
+    flock -n 9 || die "Schon ein Lauf aktiv (Lock: $LOCK_FILE)"
+  else
+    [[ -e "$LOCK_FILE" ]] && die "Schon ein Lauf aktiv (Lock: $LOCK_FILE)"
+    echo "$$" >"$LOCK_FILE"
+    trap 'rm -f "$LOCK_FILE" >/dev/null 2>&1 || true' EXIT
+  fi
+}
+
+run_logged() {
+  "$@" 2>&1 | tee -a "$LOG_FILE"
+}
+
+need_root
+need_cmd rsync
+need_cmd ssh
+need_cmd tee
+
+# validate config vars
+: "${NAS_HOST:?}" "${NAS_USER:?}" "${NAS_PORT:?}" "${SSH_USER:?}" "${NAS_BACKUP_BASE:?}" "${KEEP_DAYS:?}" "${KEY_TYPE:?}"
+
+hn="$(host_short)"
+ssh_user="$SSH_USER"
+
+# Keypfad: gehört SSH_USER
+key_path="$(eval echo "~${ssh_user}/.ssh/id_${KEY_TYPE}_${hn}")"
+[[ -f "$key_path" ]] || die "Key fehlt: $key_path (erst 02_setup_ssh.sh ausführen)"
+
+run_ts="$(date '+%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M')"
+remote_root="${NAS_BACKUP_BASE%/}/${hn}"
+remote_dest="${remote_root}/${run_ts}"
+
+log "============================================================"
+log "BACKUP START"
+log "Host       : ${hn}"
+log "NAS        : ${NAS_USER}@${NAS_HOST}:${NAS_PORT}"
+log "Key (local): ${key_path}"
+log "Remote root: ${remote_root}"
+log "Remote dest: ${remote_dest}"
+log "Keep days  : ${KEEP_DAYS}"
+log "Logfile    : ${LOG_FILE}"
+log "============================================================"
+
+acquire_lock
+
+start_epoch="$(date +%s)"
+
+# Common SSH options (no alias dependency)
+SSH_BASE=(ssh -p "$NAS_PORT" -i "$key_path"
+  -o IdentitiesOnly=yes
+  -o BatchMode=yes
+  -o StrictHostKeyChecking=yes
+  -o ConnectTimeout=20
+)
+
+log "Phase 1/5: Remote Ordner anlegen..."
+run_logged sudo -u "$ssh_user" "${SSH_BASE[@]}" "${NAS_USER}@${NAS_HOST}" \
+  "mkdir -p '$remote_dest' '$remote_root'" \
+  || die "Remote Ordner konnte nicht erstellt werden"
+
+# Build rsync excludes/extras
+exclude_args=()
+if declare -p EXCLUDES >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+  for e in "${EXCLUDES[@]}"; do exclude_args+=( "--exclude=$e" ); done
+fi
+
+extra_args=()
+if declare -p RSYNC_EXTRA >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+  for o in "${RSYNC_EXTRA[@]}"; do extra_args+=( "$o" ); done
+fi
+
+ssh_cmd="ssh -p ${NAS_PORT} -i ${key_path} -o IdentitiesOnly=yes -o BatchMode=yes -o StrictHostKeyChecking=yes -o ConnectTimeout=20"
+
+log "Phase 2/5: rsync START (Live-Progress sichtbar)..."
+log "Hinweis: Das kann je nach Datenmenge sehr lange dauern."
+# WICHTIG: --omit-dir-times verhindert, dass der frische Backup-Ordner durch alte mtime sofort von Retention gelöscht wird
+rsync -aAXH --numeric-ids \
+  --omit-dir-times \
+  --info=progress2,stats2 \
+  "${exclude_args[@]}" \
+  "${extra_args[@]}" \
+  -e "$ssh_cmd" \
+  / \
+  "${NAS_USER}@${NAS_HOST}:${remote_dest}/" \
+  2>&1 | tee -a "$LOG_FILE" \
+  || die "rsync fehlgeschlagen"
+
+log "Phase 3/5: mtime sichern (touch), damit Retention den frischen Lauf nicht killt..."
+run_logged sudo -u "$ssh_user" "${SSH_BASE[@]}" "${NAS_USER}@${NAS_HOST}" \
+  "touch '$remote_dest' '$remote_root'" \
+  || die "touch auf NAS fehlgeschlagen"
+
+log "Phase 4/5: latest Symlink setzen..."
+run_logged sudo -u "$ssh_user" "${SSH_BASE[@]}" "${NAS_USER}@${NAS_HOST}" \
+  "cd '$remote_root' && ln -sfn '${run_ts}' latest" \
+  || die "latest Symlink fehlgeschlagen"
+
+log "Phase 5/5: Retention (> ${KEEP_DAYS} Tage) aufräumen..."
+run_logged sudo -u "$ssh_user" "${SSH_BASE[@]}" "${NAS_USER}@${NAS_HOST}" \
+  "find '$remote_root' -maxdepth 1 -type d -name '20??-??-??_??-??' -mtime +${KEEP_DAYS} -print -exec rm -rf {} \;" \
+  || die "Retention Cleanup fehlgeschlagen"
+
+end_epoch="$(date +%s)"
+dur_sec="$((end_epoch - start_epoch))"
+dur_min="$((dur_sec / 60))"
+dur_rem="$((dur_sec % 60))"
+
+log "============================================================"
+log "BACKUP OK"
+log "Dauer: ${dur_min}m ${dur_rem}s"
+log "Ziel : ${NAS_HOST}:${remote_dest}"
+log "============================================================"
+
+echo
+echo "Backup fertig → ${NAS_HOST}:${remote_dest}"
+echo "Dauer: ${dur_min}m ${dur_rem}s"
+echo "Log:   $LOG_FILE"

05_status.sh

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+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -Eeuo pipefail
+
+SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd -- "$(dirname -- "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
+CFG="$SCRIPT_DIR/config.sh"
+[[ -f "$CFG" ]] || { echo "ERROR: config.sh fehlt: $CFG (erst 01_setup.sh ausführen)"; exit 1; }
+# shellcheck disable=SC1090
+source "$CFG"
+
+LOG_FILE="$SCRIPT_DIR/raspi-backup.log"
+
+host_short(){ hostname -s 2>/dev/null || hostname 2>/dev/null || echo "raspi"; }
+nas_alias(){ echo "${ALIAS_PREFIX}-$(host_short)"; }
+
+hn="$(host_short)"
+alias="$(nas_alias)"
+remote_root="${NAS_BACKUP_BASE%/}/${hn}"
+
+echo "== Backup Status =="
+echo "Script-Ordner : $SCRIPT_DIR"
+echo "Host          : $hn"
+echo "NAS           : ${NAS_USER}@${NAS_HOST}:${NAS_PORT}"
+echo "Remote Root   : $remote_root"
+echo "Log           : $LOG_FILE"
+echo
+
+# Log-Info (letzter Lauf)
+if [[ -f "$LOG_FILE" ]]; then
+  echo "-- Letzter Log-Block (kurz) --"
+  # Zeige die letzten ~25 Zeilen, aber etwas "smart" ab BACKUP START wenn vorhanden
+  if grep -q "BACKUP START" "$LOG_FILE"; then
+    awk '
+      BEGIN{start=0}
+      /BACKUP START/{start=1}
+      {buf[NR]=$0}
+      END{
+        # gib die letzten 80 Zeilen aus, aber nur wenn start irgendwann vorkam
+        from = (NR-80>1)?NR-80:1
+        for(i=from;i<=NR;i++) print buf[i]
+      }' "$LOG_FILE" | tail -n 25
+  else
+    tail -n 25 "$LOG_FILE"
+  fi
+  echo
+else
+  echo "Noch kein Log vorhanden."
+  echo
+fi
+
+# NAS Status (ohne Passwort möglich nur wenn Key-Auth passt)
+echo "-- NAS Check --"
+echo "Alias (nur Info): $alias"
+echo "Hinweis: Dieser Status nutzt direkten SSH Host/Port/User. Falls Passwortabfrage kommt, ist Key-Auth noch nicht sauber."
+echo
+
+# Keypfad für SSH_USER
+hn2="$hn"
+key_path="$(eval echo "~${SSH_USER}/.ssh/id_${KEY_TYPE}_${hn2}")"
+
+if [[ ! -f "$key_path" ]]; then
+  echo "Local Key fehlt: $key_path"
+  echo "=> erst 02_setup_ssh.sh ausführen."
+  exit 0
+fi
+
+SSH_BASE=(ssh -p "$NAS_PORT" -i "$key_path"
+  -o IdentitiesOnly=yes
+  -o BatchMode=yes
+  -o StrictHostKeyChecking=yes
+  -o ConnectTimeout=10
+)
+
+# Remote listing
+if sudo -u "$SSH_USER" "${SSH_BASE[@]}" "${NAS_USER}@${NAS_HOST}" "test -d '$remote_root'" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+  echo "Remote erreichbar: OK"
+  echo
+
+  echo "-- Remote Inhalt --"
+  sudo -u "$SSH_USER" "${SSH_BASE[@]}" "${NAS_USER}@${NAS_HOST}" "ls -la '$remote_root' | sed -n '1,40p'"
+  echo
+
+  echo "-- latest Ziel + Größe (wenn vorhanden) --"
+  sudo -u "$SSH_USER" "${SSH_BASE[@]}" "${NAS_USER}@${NAS_HOST}" \
+    "if [ -L '$remote_root/latest' ]; then \
+       echo -n 'latest -> '; readlink '$remote_root/latest' || true; \
+       echo -n 'Size(latest): '; du -sh '$remote_root/latest' 2>/dev/null || echo 'n/a'; \
+     else \
+       echo 'Kein latest Symlink vorhanden.'; \
+     fi"
+else
+  echo "Remote erreichbar: FAIL"
+  echo "Check:"
+  echo " - NAS erreichbar? IP/Port"
+  echo " - SSH Key installiert?"
+  echo " - Rechte auf $remote_root"
+fi